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Python 2.5 quick reference

21.1. `math`: Common mathematical operations

This module provides the usual basic transcendental mathematical functions. All trig functions use angles in radians. (For a similar set of functions using the complex number system, see the Python library documentation for the cmath module.)

The math module has two constant attributes:

`pi`	The constant 3.14159...
`e`	The base of natural logarithms, 2.71828...

Functions in this module include:

`acos(x)`	Angle (in radians) whose cosine is `x`, that is, arccosine of `x`.
`asin(x)`	Arcsine of `x`.
`atan(x)`	Arctangent of `x`.
`atan2(y,x)`	Angle whose slope is `y/x`, even if `x` is zero.
`ceil(x)`	True ceiling function, defined as the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to `x`. For example, `ceil(3.9)` yields 4.0, while `ceil(-3.9)` yields -3.0.
`cos(x)`	Cosine of `x`, where `x` is expressed in radians.
`cosh(x)`	Hyperbolic cosine of `x`.
`exp(x)`	`e` to the `x` power.
`floor(x)`	True floor function, defined as the largest integer that is less than or equal to `x`. For example, `floor(3.9)` is 3.0, and `floor(-3.9)` is -4.0.
`frexp(x)`	Given a float `x`, returns a tuple `(m,e)` where `m` is the mantissa and `e` the binary exponent of `x`, and `x` is equal to `m * (2**e)`. If `x` is zero, returns the tuple `(0.0, 0)`.
`fmod(x,y)`	Returns `(x-int(x/y)*y)`.
`ldexp(x, i)`	Returns `x * (2**i)`.
`hypot(x,y)`	The square root of (`x`²+`y`²).
`log(x)`	Natural log of `x`.
`log10(x)`	Common log (base 10) of `x`.
`modf(x)`	Returns a tuple `(f, i)` where `f` is the fractional part of `x`, `i` is the integral part (as a float), and both have the same sign as `x`.
`sin(x)`	Sine of `x`.
`sinh(x)`	Hyperbolic sine of `x`.
`sqrt(x)`	Square root of `x`.
`tan(x)`	Tangent of `x`.
`tanh(x)`	Hyperbolic tangent of `x`.

Next: 21.2. string: Utility functions for strings

Contents: Python 2.5 quick reference

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Last updated: 2011-08-01 14:21

URL: http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/python25/web/math-module.html